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← Commerce IndexSTAGE 01 / 10 · DISCOVERY & ADS

COMMERCE INDEX · STAGE INDEX · PRICES THROUGH

Ecommerce Advertising Stocks Index.

The first sale is often the shopper’s attention.

Search, social feeds, retail media and recommendations help a customer find a product. Some visits are organic; paid acquisition is a separate service, not a toll on every order.

Who pays whom Brands and merchants pay for advertising or ad technology. The platform may earn even when a click never becomes a sale.

Discovery & ads · equal weight
+2.34%
Full index
+2.91%
QQQ
+2.69%
SPY
+2.16%

Since . Ranked #5 of 10 stages. Every member is reset to an equal share each month.

01 / THE LIVE RECORD

Discovery & ads against the market.

8 companies. All lines start at 100 on
.

100.3101.3102.4103.5QQQ+2.7%Equal wt+2.3%SPY+2.2%Sep 30Oct 2Oct 6
VS. FULL COMMERCE INDEX (EQUAL)−0.56 pts
BEST SINCE REBALANCESNAP +7.0%
WORST SINCE REBALANCECRTO −2.6%

Every member starts each month at 12.5%, so Alphabet, the largest by market value, counts the same as the smallest. That keeps one platform from deciding the stage.

02 / THE CONSTITUENTS

Who earns at this stage.

Earns from: Ad spend & ad-tech fees. Locked at the rebalance.

8 COMPANIES
8 constituents at the Sep 30, 2026 rebalance, with weights and returns through Oct 6, 2026
CompanyMap stagesMarket capEqual weightSince rebalance
GOOGLAlphabetDiscovery & adsCloud, CDN & securityCheckout & payments$4.14T12.34%+1.0%
AMZNAmazonDiscovery & adsCloud, CDN & securityStores & marketplacesWarehouses & robotsShipping & delivery$2.68T12.56%+2.9%
METAMetaDiscovery & ads$1.84T12.44%+1.9%
RDDTRedditDiscovery & ads$27.4B12.77%+4.6%
PINSPinterestDiscovery & ads$11.3B12.95%+6.0%
SNAPSnapDiscovery & ads$9.0B13.07%+7.0%
TTDThe Trade DeskDiscovery & ads$5.7B11.96%−2.1%
CRTOCriteoDiscovery & ads$755M11.89%−2.6%

Weights are today’s drifted weights: each name was set to its target at the Sep 30, 2026 close and has moved with its price since. Market cap is the value locked at that rebalance. “Since rebalance” uses dividend-adjusted closes.

03 / HISTORICAL CONTEXT · NOT THE LIVE RECORD

The same members, applied to earlier years.

BACKCAST DEC 29, 2023 – SEP 30, 2026

Today’s Discovery & ads members, rebalanced monthly from . Survivorship-biased by construction and kept separate from the live record.

114141167193QQQ+83.3%SPY+65.7%Equal wt+12.9%2024Jul 242025Jul 252026Jul 26
Backcast statistics, December 29, 2023 to September 30, 2026
SeriesTotal returnAnnualizedMax drawdown
Equal weight+12.9%+4.5%-42.4%
QQQ+83.3%+24.6%-22.8%
SPY+65.7%+20.1%-18.8%

Month by month · backcast returns, %, against the full index and benchmarks

Equal-weight returns
Monthly backcast returns by index, equal weight, Jan 24 to Sep 26
IndexJan 24Feb 24Mar 24Apr 24May 24Jun 24Jul 24Aug 24Sep 24Oct 24Nov 24Dec 24Jan 25Feb 25Mar 25Apr 25May 25Jun 25Jul 25Aug 25Sep 25Oct 25Nov 25Dec 25Jan 26Feb 26Mar 26Apr 26May 26Jun 26Jul 26Aug 26Sep 26
Commerce Index-2.35.43.0-5.02.72.20.42.64.41.610-3.77.6-5.8-9.3-0.07.55.91.42.91.0-0.3-2.80.3-5.1-4.4-2.86.91.1-1.37.63.0-4.8
Discovery & ads0.77.92.80.7117.5-7.1-1.03.9116.21.48.9-11-16-3.39.48.58.2-2.5-1.51.7-5.51.1-7.1-16-4.6161.0-7.94.1-4.4-2.4
QQQ1.85.31.3-4.46.26.5-1.71.12.6-0.95.40.52.2-2.7-7.61.49.26.42.41.05.44.8-1.6-0.71.2-2.3-4.81611-0.2-6.64.23.3
SPY1.65.23.3-4.05.13.51.22.32.1-0.96.0-2.42.7-1.3-5.6-0.96.35.12.32.13.62.40.20.11.5-0.9-4.9115.3-1.00.02.7-0.3

QUESTIONS

About this stage index.

Same rules as the Commerce Index: monthly rebalance, cash-neutral membership changes, dividend-adjusted closes.

What is the Ecommerce Advertising Stocks index?

The Discovery & ads index is a stage of the TechBreakdowns Commerce Index. It tracks the companies paid to put a product in front of a shopper: Alphabet, Amazon, Meta, Reddit, Pinterest, Snap, The Trade Desk and Criteo. It is equal-weighted and rebalanced monthly, so every member counts the same regardless of size.

How has the Discovery & ads index performed?

From September 30, 2026 through October 6, 2026, the Discovery & ads index returned +2.34%, versus +2.69% for QQQ, +2.16% for SPY and +2.91% for the full Commerce Index. It ranks #5 of 10 stages.

Why is the Discovery & ads index equal-weighted?

Alphabet (GOOGL) is the largest member by market value. A cap-weight index would count its whole company value and let it dominate the stage, so every member is reset to 12.5% at each monthly rebalance instead.

How are companies chosen?

Membership follows the TechBreakdowns commerce map. Every public company the map places in Discovery & ads is included, and changes to the map take effect at the next monthly rebalance. A company in several stages appears in each of them.

An independent, hypothetical research index, not an investable product or personalized investment advice. Levels exclude fees, taxes and trading costs. The backcast is survivorship-biased and is not a track record. Data through October 6, 2026.